- 20 Matching (0.5 point each)
- 40 Multiple Choice (2 points each)
- 5 Short Answer (2 points each)
- 5 Bonus Points
Ch. 14:
Sec. 1
1. Many supporters of slavery viewed it as an attack on slavery by the North
2. Many Whigs and Democrats wanted to make a stronger stand against the spread of slavery. Free-soil = a place where slavery was banned.
3. The admission of California as a free state, Calhoun wrote, would expose the South to continued attacks on slavery.
4. there were other issues dividing the North and South. Northerners wanted the slave trade abolished in D.C. Southerners wanted northerners to catch people who had escaped from slavery.
5. A. a constitutional amendment to protect states rights b. secession
Sec. 2
1. To please the North, California was admitted to the Union as a free state. In addition, the Compromise banned the slave trade in the nation's capital.
2. Northerners were outraged to see people accused of being fugitive slaves deprived of their freedom...it convinced them that slavery was evil.
3. Southerners were sure that slave owners from Missouri would move across the border into Kansas. In time, they hoped that Kansas would enter the union as a slave state.
4. Kansas now had two governments, each claiming the right to impose their government on the territory. Violence soon broke out.
5. Hundreds of southerners send canes to Brooks to show their support. To northerners, however, Brook's violent act was just more evidence that slavery was brutal and inhuman.
Sec. 3
1. The Republican party formed and waged a strong anti-slavery campaign.
2. Taney also said that Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in any territory.
3. Dred Scott argued that he was free because he had lived where slavery was illegal.
4. Preserve the union and the issue of slavery cannot be decided on a state by state level because of what an decisive issue it is.
5. Lincoln took a stand against the spread of slavery. He predicted slavery would die on its own. In the meantime, he said, it was the obligation of Americans to keep it out of the western territories.
6. More than ever, many southerners were convinced that the North were out to destroy their way of life.
Sec. 4
1. Although Lincoln got only 40% of the popular votes, he received enough electoral votes to win the election.
2. secession or leave the union
3. Lincoln sent food and and supplies to the Fort, however Confederate forces opened fire until Union troops surrendered.
Ch. 15
1. More population, industrialized, railroad, resources
2. better generals, home-court advantage
3. Lincoln did not want to punish the south. Instead he wanted to treat them with compassion and welcome them back in if they changed their minds
4. Lincoln did not allow soldiers to to occupy the border states
5. North: Union leaders hoped to win a quick victory. to isolate the Confederacy, Lincoln had the navy blockade southern seaports. He hoped to cut off the south's supply of manufactured good and block overseas sales of cotton. gain control of the Mississippi river, invade Virginia and seize Richmond (Confederate's capital)
6. South: simply defend their land until northerners got tired of fighting. They sought support from Britain and other European countries because of cotton
7. first ironclad ships
8. Women worked, supported families and did everything in the absence of the men at war
9. Harsh weather, lack of supplies and prevalent disease caused for more war casualties.
10. still compassionate
11. Lincoln had been reluctant to abolish slavery but he changed his mind and issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
12. The E.P. dashed any hopes that Britain would recognize the South's independence.
13. The E.P. did not apply to parts of the South already under Union control, nor did it free anyone in the border states
14. Bloodiest war U.S. ever fought. War 2 key results: reunited the nation and put an end to slavery.
Ch. 16
1. Reconstruction = rebuilding infrastructure, political system, re-entering the union, convicting Confederates. Americans had to master their hard feelings toward one another and bring the North and South together again.
2. Radical Reconstruction: removed the governments of all southern states that had refused to ratify the 14th amendment. It then imposed a military rule on these states. Before returning to the Union they had to write a new constitution and ratify the 14th amendment and let A.A. vote
Johnson's Plan: more lenient. issued broad amnesty to most former Confederates. Allowed southern states to organize new governments and elect representatives to Congress. Each state was however, required to ratify 13th amendment and abolish slavery.
3. Check and Balances. They did not want Johnson's plan to go through.
4. Freedmen's Bureau first duty was to provide emergency relief to people displaced by the war. They eventually focused on educating and defending freedmen.
5. KKK was formed due to white's being angry of being shut out of power. They used violence to terrorize African Americans and their white allies. People supported the Klan because they did not want African Americans to vote and change legislation.
6. Poll Tax and literacy tests. Jim Crow laws allowed for segregation.
7. Industrial Revolution
8. Agriculture, especially cotton and textile. Other resources such as iron, timber, and oil also appeared.
Ch. 17
2. Mining and the settlement of new towns. Railroad spread and helped the West develop.
3. Immigrants from China, Italy, German, Spanish, and other countries, Mexicans and native born Americans from the east (former Civl War vets)
6. Broken Treaties like the Fort Laramie Treaty, Sand Creek Massacre, and Battle of Little Bighorn. The Apaches and Geronimo not wanting to go to the reservation.
7. The Native Americans lost their ability to continue their way of life, get their clothing, shelter and food.
8. Buffalo
9. The Dawes Act failed because it tried to end Native American's wandering and turn them into farmers. Few Native Americans took to farming. Federal agents replaced native leaders, and Native Americans had to give up traditional ways life the buffalo hunt. As a result, they remained poor.
10. As railroads swept across the Plains in the 1860s, Texans at last saw a way to reach those markets. Protein-rich beef was in demand to feed city dwellers in the East and miners and soldiers in the West.
11. Wild West, different people of different backgrounds under local law, rough-and-tumble, a place of violence, adventure, and endless opportunities.
13. Homestead Act- offered a 160-acre plot to anyone who resided on the land for 5 years. Giving the poor a chance to own farmers. Railroads also gave up land to settlers - 180 million acres. Congress also tried to prevent land companies to take over large areas illegally.
14. Sod, not Saad. Because they did not have wood to build homes.
17. When the United States no longer had land available for homesteading in 1890, that is when the Frontier closed.
